Sperm motility and kinematics following incubation time. (A) Total Sperm motility. (B) Rapid sperm motility. (C) Progressive sperm motility. (D) Curvilinear velocity (VCL). (E) Average path velocity (VAP). Sperm motility and kinematics are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 5. Different superscripts (a,b) within the same row indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) determined by one-way ANOVA.
pISSN: 2671-4639
