Alteration of DEGs by RNA-seq analysis in POA porcine oocytes according to 25 μM NMN exposure. (A) Schematic diagram of experimental design in NMN exposed porcine oocytes from IVM and POA model. All the porcine oocytes were cultured for 44 of IVM (Con) and 68 h of IVM (POA), and we determined the three groups of NMN treatment after 25 μM NMN was supplied with IVM period for 0–44 h (M), 44–68 h (A), and 0–68 h (M + A) of IVM. (B) Functional annotation analysis of DEGs in porcine oocytes from POA group after 25 μM NMN exposure. Biological processes (red), cellular components (green), and molecular functions (blue) are indicated. (C–F) Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the DEGs associated with the expression of “Oxidative stress,” “Mitochondrial functions and fission,” “Mitophagy and autophagy,” and “Apoptotic process”-related genes in POA-induced model under NMN supplement. (G-J) POA compared with IVM porcine oocytes. Each heatmap cluster illustrates the expression of various genes differentially expressed (upregulated: red; downregulated: blue) between the IVM and POA-induced model compared with NMN exposed groups (0–44 h: M, 44–68 h: A, and 0–68 h: M + A of IVM). Heatmap clusters are analyzed to derive the “Oxidative stress,” “Mitochondrial functions and fission,” “Mitophagy and autophagy,” and “Apoptotic process” categories.
pISSN: 2671-4639
