Dose and duration-dependent effects of cisplatin to generate renal injury mouse model. (A) Schematic representation of the experimental schedules. All groups received cisplatin on days 0 and 7, and LPS treated on days 1 and 4 following each cisplatin injection. (B) Survival rate of mice treated with varying doses of cisplatin with LPS over a two-week period were monitored until day 18. Mice treated with 8 mg/kg (black dotted line) and 10 mg/kg (green solid line) cisplatin with LPS 5 mg/kg, exhibited a 100% survival rate. In contrast, the group treated with 12 mg/kg cisplatin (red line) with LPS 5 mg/kg showed a 50% mortality rate. (C) Physiological and biochemical effects for 1 or 2 weeks of 10 mg/kg cisplatin with LPS 5 mg/kg treatment. Mice were sacrificed on day 18. Administering cisplatin at a dose of 10 mg/kg resulted in significant alterations in body weight, renal weight, renal area, and serum BUN (3-10 mice per group) levels when compared to the sham group. (D) Physiological and biochemical effects for 2 or 4 weeks of 8 mg/kg cisplatin treatment. Mice were sacrificed on days 18 or 32 for 2 weeks or 4 weeks treatment, respectively. Compared to 2 weeks treatment group, the 4 weeks cisplatin with LPS 5 mg/kg treatment group exhibited lower body weight and renal weight, with elevated BUN (8-10 mice per group) levels that reflect the induction of renal injury. Mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05 by (C) ANOVA with Tukey’s analysis, 3-10 mice per group or (D) t-test, 8-10 mice per group. Sham group received saline injections. Cis, cisplatin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Cis 12 + 2-wk, cisplatin 12 mg/kg + LPS 5 mg/kg treatment for 2 weeks; Cis 10 + 1-wk, cisplatin 10 mg/kg + LPS 5 mg/kg treatment for 1 week; Cis 10 + 2-wk, cisplatin 10 mg/kg + LPS 5 mg/kg treatment for 2 weeks; Cis 8 + 2-wk, cisplatin 8 mg/kg + LPS 5 mg/kg treatment for 2 weeks; Cis 8 + 4-wk, cisplatin 8 mg/kg + LPS 5 mg/kg treatment for 4 weeks; BUN, blood urea nitrogen.